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Cultic Studies Journal, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1993
The Group Psychological Abuse Scale: A Measure of the Varieties
of Cultic Abuse
William V.
Chambers, Ph.D.
Michael D.
Langone, Ph.D.
Arthur A. Dole, Ph.D.
James W. Grice,
M.A.
Abstract
The Group Psychological Abuse (GPA) scale was developed from a factor analysis
of 308 former cult members' characterizations of their groups. Four subscales
were derived: Compliance, Exploitation,
Mind Control, and Anxious Dependency. Reliability and validity findings
suggest the GPA should be useful in characterizing the varieties of abuse and in
differentiating cults from innocuous groups.
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